EYE LID DISORDERS

 EYE LID DISORDERS

we'll approach some disorders of the

eyelid here I wanted to do a quick

overview of the anatomy just to orient

ourselves we'll talk about the three

inflammatory disorders - focal

inflammatory disorders known as clays

Ian and horny olam and then a more

diffuse inflammatory disorder called

blepharitis.

which has many causes and

then some other eyelid conditions which

are a little bit less tested  the entropion ectropion and trichiasis certainly though you will

encounter these in clinical practice

especially if we work with a geriatric

population but I would say that these

first three year plays II and cordial

and blepharitis are the most commonly

tested . we're going to talk about and

then tumors these are tumors that occur

elsewhere on the body especially the

skin but I just wanted to briefly talk

about them because they do occur on the

eyelid.So the external I hear some

obvious points the upper lid lower lid

lateral canthus kind of hard to see this

is the right I hear this is the nasal

bridge right here and then the medial

canthus so the lateral medial canthus

are just the ends of the words where the

eyelids come together on the lateral

medial side and this little pink spot

here is probably carbuncle the lacrimal

carbuncle and that's where the tears

come out what you can't see here are

inside is the lacrimal duct which

ultimately empties into the nose and

then the lacrimal gland which is on the

superior and medial aspect of the orbit

orbital septum is just the hole in the

skull where the orbits it's roughly

you'd have to palpate but it's roughly

this area here going a little deeper

you've got the orbital septum as we just

showed the superior and inferior tarsal

flakes the tarsal plates are what give

the eyelid its characteristic structure

and this is just dense connective tissue

then you have the medial and lateral

palpebral ligament and this kind of

holds the eyelid in place then you've

got a laughable sac which ultimately

drains into that carnival

you got three muscles here all the way

are innervated by the facial nerve the

orbicularis oculi muscle muscle which is

traditionally divided up into two parts

and there's the orbital part which is

responsible for forced closure that's

more on the periphery here and then

closer to the eyelids are the palpebral

part and this is responsible for

blinking fin blinking the procerus

muscle sits on the nasal bridge this is

responsible for drawing down your brows

and that helps you make a frown or an

angry face and the frontalis muscle is

on the forehead and this helps you raise

your brows and wrinkle your forehead

looking at the inner lid if you're

looking at a sagittal plane it's pretty

similar this is the upper lid inner lid

is prepared lower lid is pretty similar

so you've got the tarsal plate that we

talked about that connective tissue

within the tarsal plate you have the

 meibomian gland is a sebaceous gland and it just secretes a lipid rich fluid that's responsible for partially responsible for  lubricating  and then the Zeiss gland here which is at the base of the eyelashes this is more external on the eyelid so this is Iceland okay so a

collision is a non-infectious focal

swelling of the eyelid and it's due to

obstruction of a sebaceous gland so that

can be either the Zeiss gland or the

meibomian gland most this is the most

common inflammatory lesion of the eyelid

and it's associated with various

diseases so chronic blepharitis high

blood lipids probably due to the fact

that gives you more cholesterol more

lipids that can be excreted poor hygiene

and then various skin conditions

especially rosacea but also acne and

some other skin conditions so this

typically presents as a painless

swelling or a mass of the eyelid.now

initially when the caladium develops it

can be painful and if it gets large

enough it can be painful but typically

this presents as a painless swelling

painless mass and usually the patient

will seek.